SABIIA - Sistema Aberto e Integrado de Informação em Agricultura (Sabiia)

Efecto del estrés hídrico y por altas temperaturas sobre algunas características de crecimiento, distribución de biomasa y composición isotópica de carbono de poblaciones de Pinus pinceana

Serna Lagunes, Ricardo.

Se evaluó la variación morfológica, crecimiento corporal, estructura, variación genética y tamaño efectivo de población (Ne) de cuatro poblaciones de Crocodylus moreletii, manejadas en la UMA Cacahuatal, situada en Veracruz, México. La variación morfológica y el crecimiento corporal se evaluaron aplicando un análisis multivariado de covarianza (MANCOVA) y un análisis de varianza (ANOVA), respectivamente. La descripción de la estructura genética se realizó acorde a los principios de Hardy-Weinberg y se evaluó la variación genética con un análisis de varianza molecular (AMOVA), que se corroboró con los estadísticos F. El Ne se determinó a partir del total de cocodrilos reproductivos y se obtuvo la tasa de incremento de endogamia. La población de Villa Juárez...

Palavras-chave: Morfología; Crecimiento corporal; Estructura genética poblacional; Variación genética; Tamaño efectivo de población; Morphology; Body growth; Genetic structure; Genetic variation; Effective population size; Maestría; Agroecosistemas Tropicales.

Ano: 2010

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/191

Martiñón Martínez, Rodrigo Julián.

Con el propósito de determinar las posibilidades de adaptación de Pinus pinceana Gord. a condiciones ambientales asociadas al cambio climático, conocer algunos de los mecanismos fisiológicos involucrados e identificar poblaciones con una mejor respuesta a dichas condiciones, se evaluó el efecto del estrés por sequía y por temperatura sobre el crecimiento, distribución de biomasa, composición isotópica de carbono (δ13C), y tasa relativa de crecimiento (TRC) en plantas de diferentes poblaciones bajo condiciones de invernadero. El diseño experimental incluyó dos ambientes de temperatura, con una diferencia promedio de 2 ºC y dos condiciones de disponibilidad de agua. Los dos factores de estrés ocasionaron una reducción en el crecimiento, la acumulación de...

Tipo: Tesis

Palavras-chave: Adaptación; Cambio climático; Distribución de biomasa; Relación parte aérea-raíz; Variación genética; Δ13C; Eficiencia en el uso del agua; Tasa relativa de crecimiento; Maestría; Forestal; Adaptation; Climate change; Biomass allocation; Shoot-root ratio; Genetic variation; Δ13C; Water use efficiency; Relative growth rate.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1360

Estrategia de uso y conservación del germoplasma de Vanilla planifolia Jack. en la región Totonacapan Puebla-Veracruz.

Salazar Rojas, Víctor Manuel.

La planificación estratégica para el uso y conservación de Vanilla planifolia Jack. en México requiere del análisis integral y detallado de los aspectos que determinan y afectan su variación genética. Por tal razón, se planteó conocer la variación en el contenido de los compuestos fitoquímicos que definen la calidad aromática del germoplasma vainilla mediante HPLC, identificar variación genética a nivel infra-específico a través de 14 loci microsatélites y estudiar los criterios de valoración que determinan la actitud de los usuarios de vainilla entorno al uso y conservación del germoplasma en la región Totonacapan México, mediante el método de análisis multiatributo AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). Los resultados mostraron la existencia de seis grupos...

Palavras-chave: Aroma; Domesticación; Planeación estratégica; Variación genética; Variación quimiotípica; Valoración social; Chemotypical variation; Domestication; Genetic variation; Social valuation; Strategic planning; EDAR; Estrategias para el Desarrollo Agrícola Regional; Doctorado.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/609

Efecto del estrés hídrico y por altas temperaturas sobre algunas características de crecimiento, distribución de biomasa y composición isotópica de carbono de poblaciones de Pinus pinceana

Martiñón Martínez, Rodrigo Julián.

Tipo: Tesis

Palavras-chave: Adaptación; Cambio climático; Distribución de biomasa; Relación parte aérea-raíz; Variación genética; Δ13C; Eficiencia en el uso del agua; Tasa relativa de crecimiento Adaptation; Climate change; Biomass allocation; Shoot-root ratio; Genetic variation; Δ13C; Water use efficiency; Relative growth rate.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10521/1032

Łeghágots'enetę (learning together): the importance of indigenous perspectives in the identification of biological variation

Ecology and Society

Polfus, Jean L.; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; jeanpolfus@gmail.com; Manseau, Micheline; Office of the Chief Ecosystem Scientist, Parks Canada, Gatineau, Québec, Canada; Natural Resources Institute, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Micheline.Manseau@pc.gc.ca; Bayha, Walter; Délı̨nę Land Corporation, Délı̨nę, Northwest Territories, Canada; nihtla321@gmail.com; Rice, Keren; Department of Linguistics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; rice@chass.utoronto.ca; Wilson, Paul; Biology Department, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada; pawilson@trentu.ca.

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Aboriginal; Biocultural diversity; Biodiversity; Caribou; Collaborative research; Ecology; First Nation; Genetic variation; Indigenous communities; Population genetics; Population structure; Rangifer tarandus; Resource management; Social-ecological systems; Traditional knowledge.

Ano: 2016

Assessing Extinction Risk: Integrating Genetic Information

Ecology and Society

Dunham, Jason; University of Nevada-Reno; jdunham@proaxis.com; Peacock, Mary; University of Nevada-Reno; mpeacock@scs.unr.edu; Tracy, C. Richard; University of Nevada-Reno; dtracy@unr.edu; Nielsen, Jennifer; Stanford University; jnielsen@leland.stanford.edu; Vinyard, Gary; University of Nevada-Reno; gvinyard@med.unr.edu.

Risks of population extinction have been estimated using a variety of methods incorporating information from different spatial and temporal scales. We briefly consider how several broad classes of extinction risk assessments, including population viability analysis, incidence functions, and ranking methods integrate information on different temporal and spatial scales. In many circumstances, data from surveys of neutral genetic variability within, and among, populations can provide information useful for assessing extinction risk. Patterns of genetic variability resulting from past and present ecological and demographic events, can indicate risks of extinction that are otherwise difficult to infer from ecological and demographic analyses alone. We provide...

Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports

Palavras-chave: Extinction risk; Genetic variation; Incidence function analysis; Population viability analysis; Ranking methods; Risk assessment; Spatial scale; Temporal scale..

Ano: 1999

Use of AFLP markers to estimate molecular diversity of Phakopsora pachyrhizi

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

Lourdes Rocha,Carla Maria; Vellicce,Gabriel Ricardo; García,María Gabriela; Pardo,Esteban Mariano; Racedo,Josefina; Perera,María Francisca; de Lucía,Adrian; Gilli,Javier; Bogado,Noelia; Bonnecarrère,Victoria; German,Silvia; Marcelino,Francismar; Ledesma,Fernando; Reznikov,Sebastián; Ploper,Leonardo Daniel; Welin,Bjorn; Castagnaro,Atilio Pedro.

Background Asian soybean rust (SBR) caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi Syd. & Syd., is one of the main diseases affecting soybean and has been reported as one of the most economically important fungal pathogens worldwide. Knowledge of the genetic diversity of this fungus should be considered when developing resistance breeding strategies. We aimed to analyze the genetic diversity of P. pachyrhizi combining simple sampling with a powerful and reproducible molecular technique. Results We employed Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) technique for the amplification of P. pachyrhizi DNA extracted from naturally SBR-infected plants from 23 production fields. From a total of 1919 markers obtained, 77% were polymorphic. The high percentage of...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Asian soybean rust; Genetic variation; Glycine max; Molecular markers.

Ano: 2015

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582015000600009

Phylogenetic relationships among species of the subsection Dendrophlomis Bentham

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

Yuzbasioglu,Ertugrul; Dadandi,Mehmet Yasar.

This study used randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers to determine genetic relationships among species of the subsection Dendrophlomis. Twenty accessions of the eleven Phlomis taxa were evaluated to determine genetic variability using fourteen ten mer primers selected from a 125 random oligonucleotide set. These 14 selected primers generated 85 RAPD bands that ranged in size from 200 to 1200 base pairs. Of the total bands, 88% (75) were polymorphic among the samples. Genetic distances among accessions were computed to produce a dendrogram based on UPGMA. Genetic distances ranged from 0.133 (between P. amanica and P. monocephala) to 0.494 (between P. chimerae and P. lunariifolia). The UPGMA tree based on distances has two major groups. The first...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Genetic diversity; Genetic relationships; Genetic variation; Phlomis species; RAPDs.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582008000400012

SSR genetic diversity assessment of popular pigeonpea varieties in Malawi reveals unique fingerprints

Electron. J. Biotechnol.

Njung'e,Vincent; Deshpande,Santosh; Siambi,Moses; Jones,Richard; Silim,Said; De Villiers,Santie.

Background: Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.) is a drought tolerant legume of the Fabaceae family and the only cultivated species in the genus Cajanus. It is mainly cultivated in the semi-arid tropics of Asia and Oceania, Africa and America. In Malawi, it is grown as a source of food and income and for soil improvement in intercropping systems. However, varietal contamination due to natural outcrossing causes significant quality reduction and yield losses. In this study, 48 polymorphic SSR markers were used to assess the diversity among all pigeonpea varieties cultivated in Malawi to determine if a genetic fingerprint could be identified to distinguish the popular varieties. Results: A total of 212 alleles were observed with an average of 5.58 alleles...

Tipo: Journal article

Palavras-chave: Genetic variation; Genotyping; Microsatellites; Seed purity.

Ano: 2016

URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-34582016000300008

A novel statistical method for assessing SSR variation in autotetraploid alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

Liu,Zhi-Peng; Liu,Gong-She; Yang,Qing-Chuan.

The level of variation of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in cultivated alfalfa from American, Australian and Chinese sources was evaluated using a novel autotetraploid statistical method to calculate the effective number of alleles, the allele frequencies and heterozygosity. We used 19 SSR primers to screen seven polymorphic SSR loci in 320 plants from eight populations. The genetic distance and phylogenetic analysis (DISPAN) program was used to calculate the inter- and intra-population genetic relationships using the conventional binary absence/presence (0/1) method and our novel autotetraploid method. The autotetraploid method resulted in significantly higher heterozygosity (p < 0.01), average effective number (p < 0.01) and lower standard...

Demarcation of informative chromosomes in tropical sweet corn inbred lines using microsatellite DNA markers

Palavras-chave: Autotetraploid; Genetic variation; Medicago sativa L.; SSR; Statistical genetics.

Ano: 2007

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572007000300015

Kashiani,Pedram; Saleh,Ghizan; Panandam,Jothi Malar; Abdullah,Nur Ashikin Psyquay; Selamat,Ahmad.

A study of genetic variation among 10 pairs of chromosomes extracted from 13 tropical sweet corn inbred lines, using 99 microsatellite markers, revealed a wide range of genetic diversity. Allelic richness and the number of effective alleles per chromosome ranged from 2.78 to 4.33 and 1.96 to 3.47, respectively, with respective mean values of 3.62 and 2.73. According to the Shannon's information index (I) and Nei's gene diversity coefficient (Nei), Chromosome 10 was the most informative chromosome (I = 1.311 and Nei = 0.703), while Chromosome 2 possessed the least (I = 0.762 and Nei = 0.456). Based on linkage disequilibrium (LD) measurements for loci less than 50 cM apart on the same chromosome, all loci on Chromosomes 1, 6 and 7 were in equilibrium. Even...

Evidence of lack of population substructuring in the Brazilian freshwater fish Prochilodus costatus

Palavras-chave: Microsatellite; Inbred line; Chromosome; Genetic variation; Linkage disequilibrium.

Ano: 2012

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572012000400012

Carvalho-Costa,Luis F.; Hatanaka,Terumi; Galetti Jr.,Pedro M..

Curimbatá-pióa (Prochilodus costatus Valenciennes, 1850) is an endemic species from the São Francisco River Basin with migratory habits, important ecological role in the ecosystem and relevant fishing importance. The present study aimed to assess the genetic variation in P. costatus in order to investigate its population genetic structure. Genetic variation was studied at three sites downstream the Três Marias dam (Upper-middle São Francisco River, State of Minas Gerais) through six specific microsatellite loci. Fish from the three sites had quite similar genetic diversity levels and no genetic differentiation was detected, suggesting that P. costatus might represent a single reproductive unit in the studied area. Alternatively, the present study was not...

Genetic variation of wild and hatchery populations of the catla Indian major carp (Catla catla Hamilton 1822: Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae) revealed by RAPD markers

Palavras-chave: Prochilodontidae; Curimbatá; Microsatellites; Genetic variation.

Ano: 2008

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572008000200036

Rahman,S.M. Zakiur; Khan,Mukhlesur Rahman; Islam,Shahidul; Alam,Samsul.

Genetic variation is a key component for improving a stock through selective breeding programs. Randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to assess genetic variation in three wild population of the catla carp (Catla catla Hamilton 1822) in the Halda, Jamuna and Padma rivers and one hatchery population in Bangladesh. Five decamer random primers were used to amplify RAPD markers from 30 fish from each population. Thirty of the 55 scorable bands were polymorphic, indicating some degree of genetic variation in all the populations. The proportion of polymorphic loci and gene diversity values reflected a relatively higher level of genetic variation in the Halda population. Sixteen of the 30 polymorphic loci showed a significant (p < 0.05, p...

Genetic distance between broodstocks of the marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Decapoda, Penaeidae) by mtDNA analyses

Palavras-chave: Catla catla; Genetic variation; RAPD markers.

Ano: 2009

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572009000100030

Francisco,Ana Karina de; Galetti Junior,Pedro Manoel.

In the constantly growing Brazilian shrimp industry the evaluation of genetic relationships between broodstocks is an useful tool for shrimp culture management programs. We established the genetic relationships between five broodstocks of the white marine shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Penaeidae) based on the sequencing of the mtDNA 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I (COI) regions. Although no divergence was found between the broodstocks for the highly conservative 16S rRNA gene, we did find an 8.2% distance between L. vannamei and the Farfantepenaeus subtilis. Analyses of the COI region showed genetic distances of only 0.2 to 1% between the broodstocks, which contrasted with the 10.9% mean distance found between L. vannamei and F. subtilis. The small genetic...

Genetic variation in cultivated Rheum tanguticum populations

Palavras-chave: Shrimp; Litopenaeus vannamei; Genetic variation; MtDNA.

Ano: 2005

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572005000200014

Hu,Yanping; Xie,Xiaolong; Wang,Li; Zhang,Huaigang; Yang,Jian; Li,Yi.

To examine whether cultivation reduced genetic variation in the important Chinese medicinal plant Rheum tanguticum, the levels and distribution of genetic variation were investigated using ISSR markers. Fifty-eight R. tanguticum individuals from five cultivated populations were studied. Thirteen primers were used and a total of 320 DNA bands were scored. High levels of genetic diversity were detected in cultivated R. tanguticum (PPB = 82.19, H = 0.2498, H B = 0.3231, I = 0.3812) and could be explained by the outcrossing system, as well as long-lived and human-mediated seed exchanges. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that more genetic variation was found within populations (76.1%) than among them (23.9%). This was supported by the coefficient...

Genetic variation among species, races, forms and inbred lines of lac insects belonging to the genus Kerria (Homoptera, Tachardiidae)

Palavras-chave: Cultivated populations; Genetic variation; ISSR; Polygonaceae; Rheum tanguticum Maxim. ex Balf.

Ano: 2014

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572014000400010

Ranjan,Sanjeev Kumar; Mallick,Chandana Basu; Saha,Dipnarayan; Vidyarthi,Ambarish S; Ramani,Ranganathan.

The lac insects (Homoptera: Tachardiidae), belonging to the genus Kerria, are commercially exploited for the production of lac. Kerria lacca is the most commonly used species in India. RAPD markers were used for assessing genetic variation in forty-eight lines of Kerria, especially among geographic races, infrasubspecific forms, cultivated lines, inbred lines, etc., of K. lacca. In the 48 lines studied, the 26 RAPD primers generated 173 loci, showing 97.7% polymorphism. By using neighbor-joining, the dendrogram generated from the similarity matrix resolved the lines into basically two clusters and outgroups. The major cluster, comprising 32 lines, included mainly cultivated lines of the rangeeni form, geographic races and inbred lines of K. lacca. The...

Genetic variability in the Skyros pony and its relationship with other Greek and foreign horse breeds

Palavras-chave: DNA fingerprinting; Genetic variation; Kerria; Lac insects; RAPD; Tachardiidae.

Ano: 2011

URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-47572011000300023

Bömcke,Elisabeth; Gengler,Nicolas; Cothran,E. Gus.

In Greece, seven native horse breeds have been identified so far. Among these, the Skyros pony is outstanding through having a distinct phenotype. In the present study, the aim was to assess genetic diversity in this breed, by using different types of genetic loci and available genealogical information. Its relationships with the other Greek, as well as foreign, domestic breeds were also investigated. Through microsatellite and pedigree analysis it appeared that the Skyros presented a similar level of genetic diversity to the other European breeds. Nevertheless, comparisons between DNA-based and pedigree-based results revealed that a loss of genetic diversity had probably already occurred before the beginning of breed registration. Tests indicated the...